Understanding SMA Connector Standards｜Frequency, Size & Materials
Understanding SMA Connector Standards｜Frequency, Size & Materials
What is an SMA Connector, and Why Should Engineers Understand Its Standards?
The SMA (SubMiniature version A) coaxial connector is a widely used RF connector, ideal for high-frequency signal transmission in applications such as wireless communication, test equipment, radar systems, and more. Understanding its standard specifications—covering dimensions, impedance, frequency range, and mechanical characteristics—is essential for engineers and procurement professionals.
Choosing the right SMA connector not only enhances signal stability but also extends equipment lifespan and reduces the risk of failure or downtime.
In this article, we break down SMA connector specifications from a practical engineering perspective, helping you quickly grasp the key parameters that influence selection.
1. Overview of Standard SMA Connector Specifications
SMA connectors are defined by the following key mechanical and electrical characteristics:
- Connection Type: Threaded (1/4 inch-36 thread)
- Impedance: 50Ω (standard), 75Ω (for specific applications)
- Frequency Range: DC to 18GHz (standard), up to 26.5GHz (high-frequency versions)
- Mating/Unmating Force: Typically 2.26 to 3.4 Newtons (N)
- Durability: 500 to 1000 mating cycles
- Operating Temperature: -55°C to +165°C
- Withstanding Voltage: 1000V (peak)
2. SMA Connector Dimensions (MIL-STD-348B Compliant)
To ensure compatibility and consistent manufacturing, SMA connectors follow the MIL-STD-348B military standard. Key dimensional specs include:
| Parameter | Standard Value |
|---|---|
| Outer Conductor Diameter | ~ 4.2 mm |
| Center Conductor Diameter | ~ 0.94 mm |
| Thread Size | 1/4 inch - 36 UNS |
| Dielectric Gap | 0.05 mm |
3. Materials & Plating That Impact Performance
The connector’s material and surface treatment directly affect its conductivity, durability, and corrosion resistance:
- 🔩 Housing Material: Brass (cost-effective), Stainless Steel (durable and wear-resistant)
- ⚡ Center Conductor: Gold-plated beryllium copper for low contact resistance
- 🔬 Dielectric Material: PTFE, ideal for minimizing dielectric loss in high-frequency applications
- 💎 Surface Plating: Gold (standard), Nickel (abrasion-resistant), Silver (for special signal requirements)
4. Common Applications of SMA Connectors
Thanks to their excellent frequency performance and mechanical reliability, SMA connectors are widely used in:
- 📡 Wireless Communications: 5G base stations, Wi-Fi antennas, RF modules
- 🧪 Test & Measurement Equipment: Network analyzers, oscilloscopes, high-frequency probes
- 🛩️ Aerospace & Defense Systems: Radar, precision navigation, satellite communications
- 🏥 Medical Imaging Devices: MRI, ultrasound, high-frequency treatment systems
5. International Standards Ensure Quality and Compatibility
Using SMA connectors that comply with international standards ensures reliability and interoperability across systems:
- MIL-STD-348B: U.S. military standard for dimensional compliance
- IEC 61169-15: International RF connector specification from the IEC
- RoHS / REACH: EU environmental regulations ensuring non-toxic, sustainable materials
Conclusion: The Right SMA Connector Makes Your RF System More Reliable
An SMA connector is more than just a plug—it plays a critical role in your system’s performance. Its frequency capability, material selection, dimensions, and termination method all contribute to overall stability and durability.
If you're selecting connectors for your RF system, start by reviewing standard specifications and match them to your environmental and frequency requirements.
📣 Recommended Reading & Next Steps
"How to Choose the Right SMA Connector: Frequency, Environment, and Key Factors Explained"
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